六級真題2021年12月答案解析（第一套）

Conversation 1

主題：校園生活對話

W: Hi, David. I haven't seen you in class for almost 2 weeks. We thought you had disappeared on holiday earlier or something[1].

M: Hi, Sarah, it's a bit of a long story I'm afraid. I got a throat infection last week and had to go to the hospital to get some antibiotics as I really wasn't getting any better.

W: Oh, yeah, there have been so many viruses going around this winter. The weather's been so awful for the last few weeks.

M: And on the way back from the hospital, I slipped on some ice and fell, and then had to go to the hospital to get an X-Ray because I basically thought I broke my wrist, although, thankfully, it's not broken[2]. But I need to be careful with it for the next few weeks.

W: Oh, hat's too bad. How unfortunate!

M: To make things worse, I managed to fall right in front of four girls from the 9th Grade. It was utterly humiliated. Plus, the laptop in my bag was broken, too.

W: Now, what a complete catastrophe! Is the laptop still under warranty? If it is, then you can easily send it back to the manufacturer, and they'll send you a brand new one for Free[3]. Surely.

M: The warranty ran out 3 days before I broke it. And all my essays are in there, and I need to hand them in before we break for the Christmas holidays.

W: Listen, I have the number of a really good, affordable computer repair shop at home. My dad has used this guy before and he can work miracles. Let's go back to my house and we can call the repair shop. You can have some tea and cookies, too[4].

M: Wow, thanks, Sarah. That would be great. Let me just call my mom and let her know. I'll be home a little bit later.

Question 1-4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1. What did Sarah think David was doing for the last 2 weeks?

2. What happened to David on his way back from the hospital?

3. What does Sarah say they should do with the damaged computer?

4. What does Sarah say she is going to do?

Conversation two.

M: Welcome to this week's episode of book talk. With me today is Heidi Brown, a historian who has written five critically acclaimed books about military history[5].

W: Thanks for having me, John. I'm so excited to talk about my latest book which was published last month.

M: So, this book is a novel, your first attempt at that genre. I thought it was a bit of a departure for you.

W: I'd say it's a major departure as it's not just a work of fiction[6]. It's set 200 years in the future.

M: Right. So how did that happen? You spent three decades writing about the past and focusing on the 18th and 19th centuries[7]. And now you're speculating about the future.

W: After years of researching soldiers and chronicling their lives during battle, I just started wondering about other facets of their lives, especially their personal lives[7].

M: I can see that. Your novel is about soldiers, but it focuses on their relationships, especially the bonds between sons and mothers and men and their wives.

W: Yes. That focus came about when I still intended to write another book of history. I started by researching soldiers, actual personal lives, studying their letters home[7].

M: So how did that history book become a novel?

W: Well, I realized that the historical record was incomplete, so I'd either have to leave a lot of gaps or make a lot more assumptions than a historian should.

M: But why write a novel set in the future when your credentials are perfect for a historical novel? As a historian, any historical novel you write would have a lot of credibility.

W: I felt too constrained working with the past, like what I wrote needed to be fact as opposed to fiction[8], but writing about the future gave me more freedom to imagine, to invent.

M: Having read your book, I'm glad you made that choice to move into fiction.

5. What did the man say about the woman?

6. What does the woman say about her newly published book?

7. What did the woman do before writing her new book?

8. What does the woman say about her writing history books?

Passage one, 主題：可口可樂包裝設計

【Q9】Whether it's in the hands of animated polar bears, or Santa Claus, there's one thing you'll find in nearly all ads for Coca Cola - the characteristic glass bottle. Most Americans don't drink soda out of the glass bottles seen in cokes ads anymore. But this week, the company is Celebrating a century of the bottle that's been sold in more than 200 countries. Flashback to 1915, when a bottle of Coca Cola cost just a nickel. 【Q10】As the soft drink gained in popularity, it faced a growing number of competitors, counterfeits even trying to copy cokes logo. So according to Coca Cola historian Ted Ryan, the company decided to come up with packaging that couldn't be duplicated.

A product request was sent to eight different glassmakers. 【Q11】Workers at the Root Glass company got the request and began flipping through the encyclopedia at the local library, landing on cocoa seed. Though cocoa seed is not an ingredient of the soda, they designed their bottle based on the seeds shape and large middle. It won over coke executives in Atlanta and will go on to receive its own trademark, spur collections and earn Coca-Cola an iconic image that made it part of American culture for a century. It was 100 years ago this week that the bottle earned a patent. By World War Two, Coke bottle sales had ballooned into billions. Americans mostly consumed coke out of aluminum or plastic today, but the glass bottle remains a symbol of America is readily recognized around the world.

Question 9 what does the passage say appears in almost all ads for Coca Cola?

Question 10 Why did the Coca Cola company decide to have special packaging designed?

Question 11 What do we learn about the Coca Cola bottle designed by the Root Glass company?

Passage 2 主題：陌生人之間的交流使人愉悅

Research shows that 【Q12】a few moments of conversation with a stranger creates a measurable improvement in mood. But most of us are reluctant to start these conversations 【Q13】because we presume the opposite. In an experiment, commuters who talk to nearby strangers found their commute more enjoyable than those who didn't. They were asked to predict whether they'd enjoy the commute more if they conversed with other people. Intriguingly, most expected the more solitary experience to be more pleasurable. Why is this? Social Anxiety appears to be the problem. 【Q13】 People's reluctance to start conversations with nearby strangers comes partly from under estimating others interest in connecting. The sad thing is that people presume that a nearby stranger doesn't want to converse and don't start a conversation. Only those who forced themselves to chat because it was acquired by an experiment found out what a pleasant experience it could be. Human beings are social animals. Those who misunderstand the impact of social interactions may not, in some context, be social enough for their own well-being. You should be chatting with the strangers you encounter. You may occasionally have a negative encounter that might stick in your memory. 【Q14】This is because the human brain is biased to dwell on negative events, but starting conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of rejection. It may surprise you that conversing with strangers will make them happier, too. 【Q15】The pleasure of connection seems contagious. People who are talked to has equally positive experiences as those who initiate a conversation.

Question 12 What does research show about a conversation between strangers?

Question 13 What prevents people from starting a conversation with strangers?

Question 14 Why does a negative encounter with strangers stick in one's memory?

Question 15 What does the passage say, the pleasure of connection seems to be?

演講1 主題：加勒比群島的經濟生態

Q16: The Caribbean islands are divided into two worlds, a rich one, and a poor one. This tropical region's economy is based mainly on farming. Farmers are of 2 types. One is the plantation owner who may have hundreds of thousands of acres. In contrast, the small cultivator is working only a few acres of land. Most visitors to the Caribbean are rich, like the plantation owner. They do not realize or do not want to realize that many foreign families barely managed to get by on what they grow. Q17: The Caribbean produces many things, sugar is the main product. Other export crops are tobacco, coffee, bananas, spices, and citrus fruits, such as orange, lemon, or grapefruit. From the West Indies also come oil, mineral pitch, and many forest products, Jamaica’s aluminum or supplies are the world's largest. Oil comes from Trinidad, Aruba, and Korako. But for many of the smaller islands, sugar is the only export. Rum, a strong alcoholic drink, which is distilled from sugar cane, is also an export..The world's best rum comes from this area. Local kinds vary from the light rums of Puerto Rico to the heavier Dhaka rums of Barbados and Jamaica. American tourists enjoy stalking up on inexpensive, high quality, Caribbean rum while they are on vacation. In Korako, the well-known liquor of that name is made from the thick outer skin of a native orange.

Ever since America's colonial days. The Caribbean islands have been favorite places to visit. Since World War Two, tourism has increased rapidly, because great numbers of people go there. The islanders have built elaborate resorts, developed harbors and airfields, improved beaches and have expanded sea and air routes.

Everything is at the resort, hotel, beach, shopping and recreation. The vacationer never has any reason to explore the island. As in most places those who have money live well indeed, those who don't have money live at various levels of poverty.

Q18 But here the poor greatly outnumber the wealthy. A visitor will find rich people living in apartments or Spanish houses at the seaside or in the countryside. Their surface might include a cook, a maid and a nurse for the children. Q18: Most of the people live well below the poverty level. In towns, they live crowded together in tiny houses. Islanders make the best they can of what they have. Their homes are quite shabby. Sadly, most tourists never see the side of the Caribbean.

Question 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

Question 16. What does the speaker say about the economy of the Caribbean islands? Question 17. What is the main product of the Caribbean islands?

Question 18. What do we learn about the majority of people in the Caribbean islands?

講座講話2 孩童教育

Talk to anyone who is a generation of too older, and they would most likely comment that children are more spoiled these days. Q19: No one wants to have or be around, demanding, selfish and spoiled children, those who get bad tempered or silently brewed when they're not given everything they want immediately. Paradoxically, the parents of such children encouraged this demanding behavior in the mistaken belief that by giving their children everything they can, their children will be happy.

In the short term, perhaps they are right. But in the longer term, such children end up lonely, dependent, chronically dissatisfied and resentful of the parents, who tried so hard to please them. Undoubtedly, parents want to raise happy children who are confident, capable, and likable rather than spoiled and miserable. Q20: One factor hindering this is that parents can't or don't spend enough quality time with their kids and substitute this deficit with toys, games, gadgets, and the like. Rather than getting material things, children need parents devote their attention. The quantity of time spent together is less important than the content of that time. Instead of instantly satisfying their wishes, parents should help them work out a plan to earn things they'd like to have. This teaches them to value the effort as well as what it achieves. Allow them to enjoy anticipation. Numerous psychological studies have demonstrated that children who learn to wait for things they desire are more likely to succeed in a number of ways later in life.

One famous experiment in the 1960s involved 3 to 6-year-old children. They were given a choice between receiving a small reward such as a cookie immediately. Or if they waited 15 minutes, they could have two. Follow up studies have found that those who chose to delay satisfaction and now more academically successful have greater self worth and even tend to be healthier. Q21: If they fail, children should be encouraged to keep trying rather than to give up if they really want the desired result. This teaches them how to handle and recover from disappointment, which is associated with greater success and satisfaction, academically, financially and in personal relationships.

And lastly, parents should encourage their children to look at life from other points of view, as well as their own. This teaches them to be understanding of and sympathetic towards others, qualities sure to take them a long way in life.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

Question 19. What will happen to children if they always get immediate satisfaction?

Question 20. What may prevent parents from raising confident and capable children? Question 21. Why should children be encouraged to keep trying when they fail?

演講3 面試技巧

It’s not hard to mess up an interview. Most people feel nervous sitting across from a hiring manager, answering questions that effectively opened themselves up for judgment, and Q22: your chances are being more carefully considered for the job, can quickly go downhill, just by saying the wrong thing at the wrong time. Q23: The most obvious thing not to do is complain. Employers want to hire positive people, talking about a previous job negatively raises concerns that you might be difficult to manage, or you might be someone that blames management for your own poor performance.

Q23: Don't say that you've moved around in jobs because you haven't found the right fit or feel that you were not challenged enough. Statements like these will make you sound aimless and lost. An interviewer may well think, why would this role be any different for you? You will probably leave here in 6 months. It also begs the question of what type of relationship you had with your manager. It doesn't sound like you had open communication with him or her. Q24: Managers usually love people who can self-sustain and enable growth through taking initiative, who are strong at following through their work, and who bring ideas and solutions to the table.

If you were in a management or leadership position, when discussing your current role, never take all the credit for accomplishments or achievements, emphasize your team and how through their talents, your vision was realized. Most successful leaders know that they are only as good as their team, and acknowledging this in an interview will go a long way towards suggesting that you might be the right person for the position you are applying for.

Lastly, have a good idea of what your role will be, and try and convey the idea that you're flexible. Asking what your role will be, suggest you will limit yourself purely to what is expected of you.

Q25:In reality, your role is whatever you make of it. This is especially true in small companies, where the ability to adapt and take on new responsibilities is highly valued. And this is equally important if you are just starting out. Entry level interviewees would do well to demonstrate a broad set of skills in most interviews. Q25: It's important to have a wide skill set as many startups and small companies are moving really fast. Employers are looking for candidates that are intelligent and can quickly adapt and excel in a growing company.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

Question 22. What does the speaker say can easily prevent an interviewee from getting a job? Question 23. What should the interviewee avoid doing in an interview?

Question 24. What kind of employees do companies like to recruit?

Question 25. What is especially important for those working in a small company?

參考答案：

1. A) It has given rise to much controversy.

2. B) She tries to force people to accept her radical ideas.

3. D) They are modest.

4. A) It would help to protect the environment.

5. D) What makes people successful.

6. A)Having someone who has confidence in them.

7. C)They stay positive.

8. D) Highly cooperative teammates.

9. C) They have big eyes and distinctive visual centers.

10. B) By means of echo location.

11. B) To adapt themselves to a particular lifestyle.

12. C) They become more emotionally aggressive.

13. D) They lack the cognitive and memory skills.

14. B) Help their children understand the program's plot.

15. A) Explain its message to their children.

16. C) They believe a little dirt harms no one.

17. D) A large number of bacteria collected on a single shoe.

18. A) The chemicals on shoes can deteriorate air quality.

19. D) It is a violation of faith and trust.

20. C) Accept them as normal.

21. A) Try to understand what messages they convey.

22. A) Cultivation of new varieties of crops.

23. D) The improvement of agricultural infrastructure.

24. C) For turning their focus to the needs of farmers in poorer countries.

25. B) Substantial funding in agricultural research.

作文第一卷

Directions: For this part.you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay related to the short passage given below. In your essay, you are to comment on the phenomenon described in the passage and suggest measures to address the issue. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Young people spend a lot of time on the internet. Howev-er,they are sometimes unable to recognize false information on the internet,judge the reliability of online information sources,or tell real news stories from fake ones.

范文(虛假信息)

Living in an age of internet, young generations tend to acquire assorted information about the world totally via virtual envi-ronment. Convenient as it may seem, the reliability of online information sources can not be guaranteed. Under this circumstance, they might be deliberately misled, to a large extent, by some fake news stories.

To avoid youngsters'being misguided by those irresponsible mass media, we need to take several effective measures ur-gently. To begin with, authorities concerned should enhance their supervision of the information published on the internet. Moreover, parents should encourage their children to develop independent thinking and often discuss with them the issues on the internet to make sure they are growing in a healthy mind state. Last but not least, young people themselves should read more insightful books and learn to think more of the values and attitudes behind online stories.

It's important that the young possess the capability of telling real news stories from fake ones. Only when they're equipped with the quality of recognizing false stories in an era of infor-mation explosion can they be closer to the genuineness of our modern world.

選詞填空1：

If you think life is wonderful and expect it to stay…

26.B)beyond

27.H)noteworthy

28.A)affect

29.L)span

30.J)premature

31.M)specifically

32.c)conceded

33.E)foster

34.D)correlation

35.O)trait

信息匹配:

Do music lessons really make children smarter ?

36.[A] A recent analysis found that most research mischar-acterizes the relationship between music and skills enhance -ment....

37.[N] Did he have a hidden talent that others didn't have?Or more endurance than his peers ?Music researchers tend，like Schellenberg ，to be musicians themselves ，and ashe noted in his recent paper，…

38.[c] Schellenberg had long been skeptical of the science supporting claims that music education enhances children's abstract reasoning, math, or language skills.……

39.[G] After computing their assessments, Schellenberg concluded that the majority of the articles erroneously claimed that music training had a causal effect.……

40.[O] But those convictions should be checked at the en-trance to the lab,he added.Otherwise,the work becomes re-ligion or faith."You have to let go of your faith if you want to be a scientist."

41.[H] To argue for a cause-and-effect relationship, scien-tists must attempt to explain why and in how a connection could occur. When it comes to transfer effects of music……

42.[D] The 2004 paper was specifically designed to address those concerns. And as a passionate musician, Schellenberg was delighted when he tuned up credible evidence that music has transfer effects on general intelligence……..

43.[J]Neuropsychologist Lutz Jancke agrees."Most of these studies don't allow for causal inferences, "he said.For over two decades, Jancke has researched the effects of music lessons,..

44.[F]For his recent study, Schellenberg asked two research assistants to look for correlational studies on the effects of music education.They found a total of 11 4 papers pub-lished since 2000.

45.[I] But Schellenberg remains highly oritical of how the concept of plasticity has been applied in his field,"Plasticity has become an industry of its own "he-wrote in his May paper......

仔細閱讀:

The trend toward rationality and enlightenment was endan-gered long before the advent of the World Wide Web.

46.A)It initiated a change from dominance of reason to su-premacy of pleasure.

47.D)It is conducive to critical thinking.

48.D) It has rendered their interactions more superficial.

49.c) It was viewed as a means to quest for knowledge.

50.B)They are constantly seeking approval from their audi-ence.

According to a recent study,a small but growing proportion of the workforce is affected to some degree by a sense of entitlement.

51.B)They feel they deserve more than they get.

52.B)They were spoiled when growing up.

53.D) Seek ways to sustain their motivation.

54.C)They convey their requirements in a straightforward way.

55.A)Those who can be counted on to fulfill commitments

翻譯1：

延安位于陜西省北部，地處黃河中游，是中國革命的圣地。毛澤東等老一輩革命家曾在這里生活戰斗了十三個春秋，領導了抗日戰爭和解放戰爭，培育了延安精神，為中國革命做出了巨大貢獻。延安的革命舊址全國數量最大、分布最廣、級別最高。延安是全國愛國主義、革命傳統和延安精神教育基地。延安有9個革命紀念館，珍藏著中共中央和老一輩革命家在延安時期留存下來的大量重要物品，因此享有"中國革命博物館城"的美譽。

Yan'an, located in north Shanxi Province and in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, is a holy land of Chinese revolu-tion where the old generation of revolutionaries including Mao Zhedong used to live and fight for 13 years, leading the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Lib-eration War, cultivating the Yan'an spirit and making tre-mendous contribution to the Chinese revolution. With the best revolutionary sites in terms of number, extensiveness and level across the country, Yan'an is well recognized as a national education base for patriotism, revolutionary tra-ditions and the Yan'an spirit. Yan'an boasts 9 revolution-ary memorial halls which hold a huge number of significant objects left by CPC Central Committe and the old genera-tion of revolutionaries,enjoying a high reputation as "the museum city of Chinese revolution."